i voted divine comedy for the simple reason that it's such a cornerstone of western literature that everyone should read & know it.
it's also a bridge between antiquity and modernity: a document of the budding renaissance. sure, some people will say it's still the middle ages, with its fucked theology and geocentric cosmology, but the resurrection of classical antiquity is a renaissance move. this is good shit.
read the inferno, and procure yourself good notes-- the details, the history and the explanation of each character, each myth, each legend, each symbol referenced or created are highly entertaining. his similes are epic-- hailing back to virgil and homer. but way cooler i think. here is where translation fails, especially verse translation-- you'll get better results with a prose translation and a look at the original italian verse.
the purgatory gets a bit dull-- by paradiso, dullness has set in, with all the fucking spinning spheres. but still-- good stuff.
poete maudite malcolm lowry attempted a XX century version of the divine comedy and failed at providing parts 2 & 3, but left us "under the volcano" which was made into an awesome movie by john huston with albert finney as geoffrey firmin-- black magician learning that karma is a bitch.
nietzsche, who saw dante as getting his petty revenge in writing when he couldn't defeat his enemies in real life, called him the hyena who versified among the graves. hyena or not, the man was thoroughly defeated, exiled, heartbroken, frustrated, and took refuge in poetry.
ezra pound makes frequent and constant reference to dante in his cantos.
in the spanish language (perhaps others too) the adjective dantesco is used to describe anything so horrible that defies human imagination, like a concentration camp or a battlefield.
anyway, get that in you and you'll be on solid ground to talk bullshit for many years to come.
the other books you mention are good, but none as essential as this.
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